Greek weather in December is characterized by mild temperatures, minimal rainfall, and plenty of sunshine throughout the country. With average highs ranging from 12 to 18 degrees Celsius, December is an excellent time to explore Greece’s scenic landscapes and historical landmarks. But before you pack your bags, let’s dive into what you can expect from the Greek weather in December.
December is the start of winter in Greece, and the weather is typically mild and pleasant. However, there are regional variations in temperature and precipitation, which can impact your travel plans. The Mediterranean Sea has a moderating effect on the climate, keeping temperatures relatively stable throughout the year. Mainland Greece and the islands experience similar weather patterns, but with some variations due to their geographical locations.
Types of Precipitation in Greece in December: Greek Weather In December
December marks the beginning of winter in Greece, characterized by a significant decrease in temperatures and an increase in precipitation. The country’s varied topography, with its mountains and coastal regions, contributes to a diverse range of precipitation patterns throughout the month. In this section, we’ll delve into the types of precipitation experienced in different regions of Greece during December, as well as the role of geographical features in shaping these patterns.
During December, Greece witnesses a mix of rainfall and snowfall, with the frequency and intensity varying across different regions. The mountainous regions in the north, such as Epirus and Macedonia, receive heavy snowfall, with some areas recording over 200 cm of snow. In contrast, the coastal regions in the south, such as Peloponnese and Crete, experience mild winters with less snowfall and more rainfall.
Rainfall in Coastal Regions
Rainfall is a common occurrence in coastal regions of Greece during December, with the western parts of the country receiving the most rainfall. The Peloponnese and Crete peninsulas receive an average of 100-150 mm of rainfall, while the Ionian Islands, such as Kefalonia and Ithaki, receive even more, with some areas recording over 200 mm.
The Role of Geography in Shaping Precipitation Patterns
The country’s mountain ranges play a significant role in shaping the precipitation patterns in Greece. The Pindus Mountains in Epirus and the Olympus Mountains in Macedonia are responsible for redirecting moisture-laden air from the Mediterranean Sea, resulting in heavy snowfall in these regions. In contrast, the coastal regions, with their gentle slopes and proximity to the sea, experience milder winters with less snowfall.
Snowfall in Mountainous Regions
Snowfall is a frequent occurrence in the mountainous regions of Greece during December, with some areas recording heavy snowfall. The northern regions, such as Epirus and Macedonia, receive an average of 50-100 cm of snow, while the highest peaks in the Pindus and Olympus mountains can receive over 200 cm.
The Impact on Outdoor Activities and Tourist Attractions
The combination of precipitation types and frequency of sunny days affects outdoor activities and tourist attractions in Greece. With rain and snowfall prevalent in some regions, outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and water sports may be restricted. However, the mild winters in coastal regions make them suitable for outdoor activities like beach walks, water sports, and sightseeing.
Comparison with Countries in Similar Latitudes and Climates
Greece’s precipitation patterns in December are comparable to those in countries with similar latitudes and climates, such as Italy and Spain. However, the country’s unique geography and maritime climate result in distinct precipitation patterns. While Italy and Spain experience relatively mild winters with less snowfall, Greece’s mountainous regions receive significant snowfall, making it a popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts.
Rainfall and snowfall in Greece during December are primarily influenced by the country’s geographical features, with the mountain ranges redirecting moisture-laden air from the Mediterranean Sea.
Greece’s diverse precipitation patterns, ranging from heavy snowfall in mountainous regions to mild winters in coastal regions, make it an attractive destination for tourists during the winter months. The country’s unique geography and climate create opportunities for a wide range of outdoor activities, from hiking and skiing to beach walks and water sports.
Weather Patterns Influencing Greek Weather in December
Greece’s climate in December is shaped by a combination of large-scale weather patterns, regional atmospheric circulation, and global climate phenomena. These factors contribute to the country’s variable weather conditions during the winter months, making it essential to understand their significance.
North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Greek weather in december
The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a vital large-scale climate pattern that influences weather conditions in the Northern Hemisphere, including Greece.
The NAO involves fluctuations between low-pressure systems over the Icelandic Low and high-pressure systems over the Azores High, respectively.
A positive phase of the NAO is characterized by a more pronounced pressure difference between the two systems, resulting in stronger westerly winds over the Mediterranean region, including Greece.
This, in turn, leads to increased rainfall and storminess during the winter months.
Conversely, a negative phase of the NAO is associated with weaker westerly winds and reduced rainfall in Greece during the winter months.
The NAO’s impact on Greek weather is significant, with a positive phase typically resulting in wetter and milder winters, while a negative phase is linked to drier and colder conditions.
- In 2010, a strong positive NAO phase contributed to a wet and stormy winter in Greece, with many parts of the country experiencing above-average rainfall.
- Conversely, a negative NAO phase in 2012 led to a dry and cold winter, exacerbating drought conditions in some parts of Greece.
Subtropical Jet Stream
The subtropical jet stream plays a crucial role in shaping regional climate and precipitation patterns in Greece.
The jet stream is a fast-moving band of air that occurs in theupper atmosphere, primarily between 20°N and 30°N latitude.
In Greece, the subtropical jet stream is responsible for steering low-pressure systems and associated fronts into the region, leading to precipitation and stormy weather.
The position and strength of the jet stream can significantly impact the track and intensity of these weather systems, making it essential to monitor its behavior during the winter months.
- When the jet stream is positioned farther north, low-pressure systems are more likely to track towards Greece, resulting in increased rainfall and storminess.
- Conversely, a more southerly position of the jet stream can lead to reduced rainfall and more variable weather conditions.
El Niño and La Niña Events
El Niño and La Niña events are two phases of a larger climate phenomenon known as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which affects global climate patterns, including those in Greece.
During an El Niño event, the temperature of the Pacific Ocean warms up, leading to a weakening of the trade winds that blow from east to west along the equator.
This weakening of the trade winds allows warm water to spread towards the eastern Pacific, potentially leading to drought conditions in Greece and other parts of the Mediterranean during the winter months.
- During the severe El Niño event of 1997-1998, Greece experienced its driest winter in over 100 years, with many parts of the country recording below-average rainfall.
- Conversely, strong La Niña events are typically associated with cooler-than-average winters in Greece, often leading to above-average rainfall and increased storminess.
Past Weather Events
Several notable weather events have occurred in Greece during December, emphasizing the country’s vulnerability to global climate phenomena.
- The 2007 winter storm, known as the “2007 Greece storm,” caused widespread damage and flooding in many parts of the country, with some areas recording over 100 mm of rainfall in a single day.
Travel Planning in December Considering Greek Weather
When planning a trip to Greece in December, it is essential to consider the regional weather conditions to make the most of your time and activities. December is a winter month in Greece, characterized by mild temperatures and occasional rainfall. While the weather can be unpredictable, there are still plenty of places to visit and activities to enjoy in Greece during this time.
Best Places to Visit in Greece in December
Greece has a diverse landscape, with regions that offer unique experiences in December. Some of the best places to visit in Greece during this time include:
- Athens: Explore the Acropolis, the cradle of Western civilization, and enjoy the festive atmosphere in the city’s historic center. Visit the National Museum of Contemporary Art or the Benaki Museum to discover Greek art and culture.
- Ionian Islands: Visit the picturesque islands of Corfu, Kefalonia, or Lefkada, known for their blue waters, lush forests, and charming villages. Enjoy the tranquility of these islands and engage in outdoor activities like hiking, boating, or scuba diving.
- Crete: Discover the largest island in Greece, with its scenic beaches, ancient ruins, and vibrant cities. Visit the Palace of Knossos, the Heraklion Archaeological Museum, or the charming old town of Chania.
Unique Winter Festivals and Events in Greece
Greece celebrates a variety of festivals and events during December, showcasing local culture and traditions.
- New Year’s Eve Celebrations (January 1): Enjoy the countdown to the new year in Athens, Mykonos, or other major cities, with fireworks, live music, and festivities.
- Patras International Festival (December – January): Visit the city of Patras and experience a vibrant program of performances, concerts, and exhibitions.
- Thessaloniki Christmas Fair (December – January): Explore the Christmas market in Thessaloniki’s city center and discover local crafts, food, and drinks.
Hypothetical Two-Week Travel Itinerary for Greece in December
Plan your two-week trip to Greece in December with this suggested itinerary, taking into account regional weather conditions and potential outdoor activities.
- Day 1-3: Athens (December 1-3)
- Visit the Acropolis and the surrounding ancient ruins.
- Explore the National Archaeological Museum or the Benaki Museum.
- Enjoy the festive atmosphere in the city’s historic center.
- Day 4-6: Mykonos (December 4-6)
- Visit the island’s iconic windmills, beaches, and vibrant nightlife.
- Take a boat tour to explore the surrounding islands and coves.
- Enjoy traditional Greek cuisine and local tavernas.
- Day 7-9: Crete (December 7-9)
- Visit the Palace of Knossos and the Heraklion Archaeological Museum.
- Explore the charming old town of Chania and its surrounding beaches.
- Discover the island’s unique flora and fauna.
- Day 10-14: Patras (December 10-14)
- Attend the Patras International Festival and enjoy the vibrant program of performances.
- Explore the city’s historic center and its iconic landmarks.
- Visit the nearby city of Olympia, the birthplace of the Olympic Games.
Indoor and Outdoor Winter Sports and Activities in Greece
Despite the varying weather conditions in Greece during December, there are still plenty of indoor and outdoor activities to enjoy.
- Indoor activities:
- Visit museums and art galleries to discover Greek culture and art.
- Explore traditional tavernas and enjoy local cuisine and drinks.
- Take a cooking class and learn traditional Greek recipes.
- Outdoor activities:
- Go hiking or trekking in the mountains and enjoy the scenic views.
- Visit hot springs and relax in the warm waters.
- Engage in water sports like surfing or paddleboarding in the Ionian Islands.
End of Discussion
In conclusion, Greek weather in December offers a unique opportunity to explore the country’s beautiful landscapes, historical sites, and cultural events. From the ancient ruins to the snowy peaks of mountains, Greece is a treasure trove of experiences waiting to be discovered. Pack your warmest clothing, and get ready to soak up the Greek sunshine and charm.
FAQ Summary
Q: Is December a good time to visit Greece?
A: Yes, December is an excellent time to visit Greece, with mild temperatures and fewer tourists. You can explore the country’s historical sites, enjoy outdoor activities, and experience the unique winter festivals and events.
Q: What is the average temperature in Greece in December?
A: The average temperature in Greece in December ranges from 12 to 18 degrees Celsius, with average lows around 6 to 12 degrees Celsius.
Q: Can I swim in Greece in December?
A: Unfortunately, December is one of the coldest months in Greece, and swimming is not recommended due to the cold water temperatures.
Q: Are there any good beaches in Greece in December?
A: Yes, while it’s not suitable for swimming, some beaches in Greece remain open in December, offering stunning scenery and peaceful atmosphere.
