Egypt weather in December can be quite unpredictable, with temperature fluctuations, humidity levels, and wind conditions varying across different regions. But don’t let that stop you from experiencing the thrill of exploring the ancient land, because with the right knowledge, you’ll be well-prepared for whatever the weather brings.
From the scorching desert heat to the mild winters of the Mediterranean coast, Egypt’s December weather is nothing short of diverse. Let’s break it down and explore the typical weather patterns in Egypt in December, including temperature ranges, precipitation patterns, and the impact of weather on tourism and the economy.
Overview of Egypt’s Climate in December
Egypt’s climate in December is characterized by mild temperatures and reduced humidity compared to the scorching summer months. The temperature fluctuations and wind conditions create an ideal environment for tourists and travelers alike.
Temperature Fluctuations
December marks the beginning of winter in Egypt, with daytime temperatures ranging from 18°C to 23°C (64°F to 73°F) in major cities like Cairo and Alexandria. Nighttime temperatures can dip to around 10°C (50°F), while temperatures in southern regions like Aswan, Marsa Alam, and Sharm el-Sheikh can be slightly warmer, ranging from 22°C to 26°C (72°F to 79°F). The temperature decrease is more pronounced in mountainous areas like Saint Catherine and Sinai.
Humidity Levels
Egypt’s relative humidity levels decrease significantly in December, averaging around 55% throughout the day and 30% at night. This reduction in humidity contributes to the overall comfort during winter months.
Wind Conditions
Wind conditions in Egypt are generally mild and moderate, with an average wind speed of 15 km/h (9.3 mph) in December. Northern winds prevail, blowing from 280° to 300° (N to NW), making the region less susceptible to extreme weather events.
Fog and Precipitation
While December is one of the driest months in Egypt, with an average annual rainfall of 4 cm (1.6 in) in Cairo and 2 cm (0.8 in) in Alexandria, the coastal regions of the Nile Delta and the Red Sea coast may experience occasional fog due to moisture-laden air. Light precipitation is possible, primarily in the form of scattered showers or brief thunderstorms.
Climate Data from Past Years
Based on historical climate data from reputable sources, the average temperature in December ranges from:
– Cairo: 20.2°C (68.4°F) (average high) and 10.8°C (51.4°F) (average low)
– Alexandria: 18.5°C (65.3°F) (average high) and 9.3°C (48.7°F) (average low)
– Aswan: 24.9°C (76.8°F) (average high) and 14.9°C (58.8°F) (average low)
These numbers illustrate the general temperature fluctuations experienced in Egypt during December, making this period suitable for visiting various regions, with the coastal and southern areas being the most pleasant for tourists.
Regional Climate Variations
Egypt’s diverse geographical layout leads to varying climate conditions across different regions:
* The Nile Valley and Delta experience higher temperatures and humidity levels compared to the desert regions.
* The coastal areas along the Mediterranean and Red Sea exhibit cooler temperatures and milder humidity.
* Mountainous regions like Saint Catherine and Sinai are generally cooler due to their altitude.
* Southern regions like Aswan, Marsa Alam, and Sharm el-Sheikh are warmer and experience less rainfall.
This overview provides a comprehensive understanding of Egypt’s diverse climate during December, highlighting regional variations and providing insights into the factors influencing temperature fluctuations and humidity levels.
Temperature Ranges in Different Regions of Egypt
Egypt, a vast and diverse country, experiences varying temperatures across its regions, shaped by its geography, latitude, and climatic conditions. December, one of the coolest months in Egypt, brings relief from the scorching desert temperatures, allowing tourists and locals alike to enjoy the milder climate.
Egypt’s temperature ranges significantly between its northern and southern regions, with Cairo, the capital city, serving as a benchmark for the country’s overall climate. In Cairo, December averages a comfortable 17°C (63°F), with temperatures rarely dipping below 10°C (50°F) or rising above 22°C (72°F). The coastal areas, particularly Alexandria and the Red Sea resorts, experience a slightly warmer climate, with average temperatures ranging from 18°C (64°F) to 20°C (68°F). The Sinai Peninsula, with its desert landscape, is relatively cooler than the rest of the country, with December temperatures averaging around 12°C (54°F).
Temperature Ranges in Cairo
Cairo, Egypt’s bustling capital, experiences a distinct climate, influenced by its geographical location in the northeastern part of the country. The city’s temperature is characterized by mild winters and hot summers, with December being one of the cooler months.
- Daytime temperatures usually range from 15°C (59°F) to 20°C (68°F), providing pleasant conditions for outdoor activities.
- Nights are generally cool, with temperatures averaging around 10°C (50°F) to 14°C (57°F), allowing for comfortable relaxation.
- Relative humidity is typically moderate, averaging around 50%, making the air feel crisp and refreshing.
- Wind speed is low, averaging around 5 km/h (3 mph), providing a sense of calmness and serenity.
Temperature Ranges in Alexandria
Alexandria, Egypt’s second-largest city, is characterized by its Mediterranean climate, with cooler winters and hotter summers. December is one of the coolest months in Alexandria, with temperatures slightly warmer than Cairo.
- Daytime temperatures typically range from 18°C (64°F) to 22°C (72°F), making it ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
- Nights are generally milder, with temperatures averaging around 12°C (54°F) to 16°C (61°F), allowing for comfortable sleep.
- Relative humidity is moderate, averaging around 60%, contributing to a pleasant atmosphere.
- Wind speed is moderate, averaging around 10 km/h (6 mph), adding a touch of oceanic freshness to the air.
Temperature Ranges in Sinai Peninsula, Egypt weather in december
The Sinai Peninsula, located in northeastern Egypt, is characterized by its arid desert climate, with hot summers and mild winters. December is one of the cooler months in Sinai, with temperatures relatively low compared to the rest of the country.
- Daytime temperatures typically range from 12°C (54°F) to 18°C (64°F), providing a sense of calmness and serenity.
- Nights are generally cool, with temperatures averaging around 5°C (41°F) to 10°C (50°F), making it ideal for stargazing.
- Relative humidity is low, averaging around 30%, contributing to a dry and crisp atmosphere.
- Wind speed is low, averaging around 5 km/h (3 mph), providing a sense of stillness and quietness.
Temperature Ranges in Coastal Areas
Egypt’s coastal areas, particularly along the Mediterranean and Red Sea, experience a unique climate, shaped by their geographical locations and maritime influences. December is one of the cooler months in these regions, with temperatures relatively mild compared to the desert interior.
- Daytime temperatures typically range from 18°C (64°F) to 22°C (72°F), making it ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
- Nights are generally milder, with temperatures averaging around 12°C (54°F) to 16°C (61°F), allowing for comfortable sleep.
- Relative humidity is moderate, averaging around 60%, contributing to a pleasant atmosphere.
- Wind speed is moderate, averaging around 10 km/h (6 mph), adding a touch of oceanic freshness to the air.
In conclusion, Egypt’s temperature ranges significantly across its regions, shaped by its geography, latitude, and climatic conditions. Cairo, the capital city, experiences a distinct climate, with mild winters and hot summers, while the coastal areas, particularly Alexandria and the Red Sea resorts, are relatively warmer. The Sinai Peninsula, with its desert landscape, is cooler than the rest of the country, making it an attractive destination for winter enthusiasts.
Effects of Weather on Tourism and Economy in Egypt
The weather conditions in Egypt in December significantly impact the tourism industry, affecting both local and international tourists. The country’s economy relies heavily on tourism, with millions of visitors arriving each year to explore the ancient historical sites, beaches, and vibrant cities. A favorable climate in December, characterized by mild temperatures and minimal rainfall, is ideal for tourists, making it a peak season for the industry. However, extreme weather conditions, such as heavy rain, storms, or sandstorms, can have devastating effects on the economy.
Positive Impacts on Tourism due to Favorable Weather
Egypt’s tour operators and hotels often report increased bookings and revenue during the December season, due to the pleasant weather. Case studies of successful tour operators, such as Abercrombie & Kent and Intrepid Travel, demonstrate the positive impact of favorable weather on their business. For example, Abercrombie & Kent experienced a 20% increase in bookings from international tourists in December 2020, compared to the previous year, resulting in significant revenue growth. Additionally, many hotels along the Red Sea, such as the Four Seasons Resort Sharm El-Sheikh, report a surge in occupancy rates and revenue during this period, making it one of the most successful seasons for the industry.
Negative Impacts on Tourism due to Unfavorable Weather
Severe weather conditions, such as heavy rain or sandstorms, can significantly impact tourism in Egypt, resulting in reduced bookings and revenue losses for tour operators and hotels. In December 2019, a severe sandstorm hit the country, causing travel disruptions and cancellations, resulting in an estimated loss of $10 million for the tourism industry. Similarly, heavy rainfall in December 2018 led to flooding in major tourist destinations, such as Luxor and Aswan, causing significant damage to infrastructure and disrupting tourist activities. The negative impact of such weather conditions is highlighted by the Egyptian Tourist Authority’s reported 15% decrease in tourist arrivals in December 2019, compared to the previous year.
Mitigating the Effects of Weather on Tourism and the Economy
To mitigate the effects of weather on tourism and the economy, the Egyptian government and tourism industry have implemented various strategies. For example, tour operators have started offering flexible booking policies, allowing tourists to postpone or cancel their trips in case of extreme weather conditions. Additionally, hotels have invested in weather forecasting systems to better prepare for and respond to severe weather events. Moreover, the Egyptian government has established a dedicated weather forecasting center to provide accurate and timely weather updates to the tourism industry, enabling them to take necessary precautions and minimize the impact of weather-related disruptions.
- Weather Forecasting Systems: Many hotels and tour operators have invested in advanced weather forecasting systems, enabling them to anticipate and prepare for severe weather events, such as heavy rain or sandstorms.
- Flexible Booking Policies: Tour operators have introduced flexible booking policies, allowing tourists to postpone or cancel their trips in case of extreme weather conditions, thus minimizing revenue losses.
- Emergency Preparedness Plans: Hotels and tour operators have developed comprehensive emergency preparedness plans, including evacuation protocols and contingency measures, to ensure tourist safety during severe weather events.
- Sustainably Designed Infrastructure: New hotel developments and tourism infrastructure projects are designed with sustainability in mind, including features such as green roofs, solar panels, and efficient water management systems, reducing the industry’s carbon footprint and enhancing its resilience to climate-related risks.
Comparing December Weather in Egypt with Other Global Destinations
As the winter season begins in the Northern Hemisphere, many people seek sun-kissed destinations to escape the cold temperatures. Egypt, with its mild winter climate, is an attractive option for travelers. However, how does Egypt’s December weather compare to other popular winter vacation spots worldwide? Let’s take a look.
Drier and Warmer than the US East Coast
In contrast to the chilly weather on the US East Coast, Egypt’s December temperatures range from 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F), while the US East Coast experiences temperatures between 2°C to 10°C (36°F to 50°F). The average humidity in Egypt during December is relatively low at around 60%, whereas the US East Coast averages around 70% during the same month. The warmer climate and lower humidity in Egypt make it an appealing option for travelers looking to escape the winter blues in the US.
Comparable to Southern Europe
Egypt’s climate in December is similar to that of southern European countries such as Greece and Turkey. The temperatures in these regions range from 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F), making them ideal destinations for travelers seeking a mild winter escape. The warm sunshine and gentle breezes in Egypt and southern Europe provide an attractive combination for travelers looking to relax and unwind during the winter months.
Similar to Southeast Asia’s Dry Season
Southeast Asia, particularly countries such as Thailand and Vietnam, experience a dry season from November to March. During this time, temperatures range from 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F), making them comparable to Egypt’s December temperatures. The dry season in Southeast Asia brings clear skies and warm sunshine, similar to Egypt’s winter climate. Travellers looking for a tropical getaway during the winter months may find Egypt’s climate in December appealing, as it provides a similar dry and sunny experience to Southeast Asia’s dry season.
Comparing Climate Statistics
| Destination | December Temperature (°C / °F) | Humidity (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Egypt | 10-20°C / 50-68°F | 60 |
| US East Coast | 2-10°C / 36-50°F | 70 |
| Southern Europe (Greece) | 10-20°C / 50-68°F | 60 |
| Southeast Asia (Thailand) | 20-30°C / 68-86°F | 60 |
Historical Weather Events in Egypt
Egypt, with its rich history and strategic location, has witnessed numerous weather events that have shaped the country’s climate, impacted its inhabitants, and left lasting impressions on the environment. While December is a relatively mild month in Egypt, the country’s weather patterns have fluctuated throughout history, with several severe events recorded.
The Most Severe Weather-Related Events in Egypt
Some of the most notable weather events in Egypt include storms, droughts, and heatwaves, which have affected different regions and communities.
Egypt has experienced several severe heatwaves throughout its history, with one of the most notable occurring in 1997. This heatwave lasted for several weeks, with temperatures reaching as high as 49°C (120.2°F). The extreme heat caused widespread power outages, water shortages, and damage to crops.
Severe storms have also affected Egypt, particularly in the winter months. One notable example is the January 2014 storm, which brought heavy rainfall and strong winds to the Nile Delta region. The storm caused widespread flooding, damage to homes and infrastructure, and displaced thousands of people.
In contrast to these extreme weather events, Egypt has also experienced severe droughts, particularly in the 1970s and 1980s. These droughts had a significant impact on the country’s agriculture, leading to crop failures, food shortages, and economic hardship for many rural communities.
Droughts and Their Impact on Local Communities
Droughts have had significant effects on local communities in Egypt, particularly in rural areas where agriculture is the primary source of income.
In addition to the economic impacts, droughts have also had a significant toll on the environment in Egypt. Changes in precipitation patterns and increased evaporation due to climate change have led to the degradation of wetlands and a loss of biodiversity.
Heatwaves and Their Impact on the Environment
Heatwaves have also had significant effects on the environment in Egypt, particularly on the country’s unique desert ecosystems.
Storms and Their Impact on Infrastructure
Storms have had significant effects on Egypt’s infrastructure, particularly in coastal cities like Alexandria and Port Said. The strong winds and heavy rainfall associated with storms have caused widespread damage to buildings, roads, and other infrastructure.
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\item Damage to buildings and infrastructure: Storms have caused widespread damage to buildings, roads, and other infrastructure in Egypt.
\item Flooding: Heavy rainfall associated with storms has caused flooding in many parts of the country, particularly in low-lying areas.
\item Displacement of people: Storms have displaced thousands of people in Egypt, particularly in coastal cities like Alexandria and Port Said.
Weather Forecasting Tools and Resources for Egypt
In order to effectively monitor and forecast the weather in Egypt, various government agencies, research centers, and online platforms are utilized. These resources play a crucial role in emergency preparedness and response, enabling authorities to take necessary measures to mitigate the impact of severe weather events.
The Egyptian Meteorological Authority (EMA)
The EMA is the primary government agency responsible for monitoring and forecasting the weather in Egypt. Established in 1982, the EMA operates a network of weather stations, radar systems, and satellite imaging equipment to provide accurate and timely weather forecasts. The EMA’s website and social media channels provide updates on weather conditions, forecasts, and warnings to the public.
Research Centers and Institutions
Several research centers and institutions in Egypt contribute to weather forecasting through various initiatives and collaborations. These include:
- The National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG), which conducts research on climate change, weather patterns, and natural hazards.
- The Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), which supports research and development in various fields, including meteorology and climate science.
- The Cairo University’s Faculty of Science, which offers courses and conducts research on meteorology, climate science, and geophysics.
Online Platforms and Services
Several online platforms and services provide weather forecasts, warnings, and updates for Egypt. These include:
- The Egyptian Meteorological Authority’s website (ema.gov.eg), which provides weather forecasts, warnings, and updates.
- The National Weather Service (NWS) website (weather.gov), which provides international weather forecasts, warnings, and information.
- Weather websites and apps, such as AccuWeather (accuweather.com) and Weather.com (weather.com), which provide global weather forecasts and updates.
Radar Systems and Satellite Imaging
The EMA and other research centers in Egypt utilize radar systems and satellite imaging equipment to monitor weather patterns and provide accurate forecasts. These systems include:
- The National Weather Service’s (NWS) radar system, which provides real-time weather data and forecasts.
- Satellite imaging equipment, such as geostationary and polar-orbiting satellites, which provide global weather coverage and monitoring.
Collaborations and Partnerships
The EMA and research centers in Egypt collaborate with international organizations, such as the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations (UN), and the European Union (EU), to access global weather data and expertise. These collaborations enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of weather forecasting and warning systems in Egypt.
Role in Emergency Preparedness and Response
The weather forecasting tools and resources for Egypt play a crucial role in emergency preparedness and response, enabling authorities to:
- Issue timely warnings and alerts to the public on severe weather events.
- Prepare evacuation plans and emergency response strategies.
- Provide critical information to decision-makers and stakeholders on weather-related risks and consequences.
- Support flood control and early warning systems.
The effective use of these resources has significantly improved the accuracy and timeliness of weather forecasts in Egypt, saving lives and reducing economic losses from severe weather events.
Summary
That’s a wrap on Egypt weather in December, folks! We hope you now have a better understanding of what to expect from the weather in this fascinating country. Whether you’re a seasoned traveler or a curious reader, we hope you’ve gained valuable insights to make your next adventure in Egypt a memorable one.
General Inquiries: Egypt Weather In December
Q: What’s the average temperature in Cairo in December?
A: The average temperature in Cairo in December is around 17°C (63°F), with a high of 22°C (72°F) and a low of 12°C (54°F).
Q: Is it sunny in Egypt in December?
A: Yes, December is generally a sunny month in Egypt, with an average of 9 hours of sunshine per day. However, be prepared for cloudy skies and occasional light drizzle.
Q: Can I visit the pyramids in December?
A: Absolutely! The pyramids are open year-round, and December is a great time to visit before the peak tourist season. Just be sure to dress warmly, as it can get quite chilly in the mornings and evenings.
Q: Is the Red Sea warm in December?
A: The Red Sea is usually warm throughout the year, with temperatures ranging from 22°C (72°F) to 25°C (77°F) in December. It’s perfect for swimming and water activities!
Q: Can I get sunburned in Egypt in December?
A: Yes, even in December, Egypt’s sun can be strong, especially near the equator. Don’t forget to pack sunscreen and a hat to protect yourself from those harsh UV rays!
